segmenting spoken words into phonemes and representing these by graphemes, spelling many correctly
learning new ways of spelling phonemes for which 1 or more spellings are already known, and learn some words with each spelling, including a few common homophones
learning to spell common exception words
learning to spell more words with contracted forms
learning the possessive apostrophe (singular) [for example, the girl’s book]
distinguishing between homophones and near-homophones
add suffixes to spell longer words including –ment, –ness, –ful, –less, –ly
write from memory simple sentences dictated by the teacher that include words using the GPCs, common exception words and punctuation taught so far
Handwriting
Pupils are taught to:
form lower-case letters of the correct size relative to one another
start using some of the diagonal and horizontal strokes needed to join letters and understand which letters, when adjacent to one another, are best left unjoined
write capital letters and digits of the correct size, orientation and relationship to one another and to lower-case letters
use spacing between words that reflects the size of the letters
Writing - composition
Pupils are taught to:
develop positive attitudes towards and stamina for writing by:
writing narratives about personal experiences and those of others (real and fictional)
writing about real events
writing poetry
writing for different purposes
consider what they are going to write before beginning by:
planning or saying out loud what they are going to write about
writing down ideas and/or key words, including new vocabulary
encapsulating what they want to say, sentence by sentence
make simple additions, revisions and corrections to their own writing by:
evaluating their writing with the teacher and other pupils
rereading to check that their writing makes sense and that verbs to indicate time are used correctly and consistently, including verbs in the continuous form
proofreading to check for errors in spelling, grammar and punctuation (for example, ends of sentences punctuated correctly)
read aloud what they have written with appropriate intonation to make the meaning clear
Writing - vocabulary, grammar and punctuation
Pupils are taught to:
develop their understanding of the concepts set out in English appendix 2 by:
learning how to use both familiar and new punctuation correctly - see English appendix 2, including full stops, capital letters, exclamation marks, question marks, commas for lists and apostrophes for contracted forms and the possessive (singular)
learn how to use:
sentences with different forms: statement, question, exclamation, command
expanded noun phrases to describe and specify [for example, the blue butterfly]
the present and past tenses correctly and consistently, including the progressive form
subordination (using when, if, that, or because) and co-ordination (using or, and, or but)